The "Monitored Approach" (PicMA) procedure has been developed to tackle the three principal contributory factors to "crew-caused" approach and landing accident causes. This wbsite discusses the basic technical aspects involved from a practical pilot's viewpoint, although more abstract technical papers etc. may be referenced. These aspects are crew failures in relation to
- transition from instrument to visual reference, often resulting in the aircraft continuing below Decision Height without adequate guidance.
- overall management of approach and go-around, leading to excessive pilot workload and poor resource management
- effectiveness of cross-cockpit monitoring, where the pilot monitoring has not prevented the pilot flying from continuing an unsafe flight path.
Most "crew-caused" accidents involve at least one of these factors and many involve all three.
A significant part of the material, especially in the "transition to visual reference" section, has been adapted from previous documents, for which I gratefully acknowledge the authors. The three basic subject areas - visual transition, approach management, and monitoring effectiveness - are dealt with separately but obviously contain many overlapping aspects.